1456 – A retrial verdict acquitted Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death.
1777 – American forces retreating from Fort Ticonderoga were defeated in the Battle of Hubbardton.
1863 – The United States began its first military draft; exemptions cost $300.
1865 – Four conspirators in the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, Mary Surratt, Lewis Powell, David Herold, and George Atzerodt, were hanged.
1875 – Jesse James robbed a train in Otterville, Missouri.
1898 – US President William McKinley signed the Newlands Resolution which annexed Hawaii as a territory of the United States.
1907 – Florenz Ziegfeld Jr. staged his first Follies on the roof of the New York Theater in New York City.
1928 – Sliced bread was sold for the first time (on the inventor’s 48th birthday) by the Chillicothe Baking Company of Chillicothe, Missouri.
1930 – Industrialist Henry J. Kaiser began construction of Boulder Dam (now known as Hoover Dam).
1936 – RCA showed the first real TV program (dancing, film on locomotives, Bonwit Teller fashion show and monologue from Tobacco Road & comedy).
1946 – Howard Hughes nearly died when his XF-11 reconnaissance aircraft prototype crashed in a Beverly Hills neighborhood.
1954 – Elvis Presley made his radio debut when WHBQ Memphis played his first recording for Sun Records, “That’s All Right”.
1958 – US President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed the Alaska Statehood Act into law.
1965 – Otis Redding recorded “Respect”.
1967 – Beatles’ “All You Need is Love” was released.
1967 – Doors’ “Light My Fire” hit #1.
1977 – “The Spy Who Loved Me”, the 10th James Bond film, starring Roger Moore and Barbara Bach, premiered in London.
1981 – US President Ronald Reagan appointed Sandra Day O’Connor as the first female member of the Supreme Court of the United States.
1992 – The New York Court of Appeals ruled that women have the same right as men to go topless in public.
2005 – A series of four explosions occurred on London’s transport system, killing 56 people, including four suicide bombers, and injuring over 700 others.
2011 – “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows part 2”, the last Harry Potter film, premiered in London.
2017 – Tesla Motors produced its first mass-market car, the Model 3.
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