1692 – Edward Bishop was jailed for proposing flogging as a cure for witchcraft in Salem, Massachusetts.

1836 – Texas Revolution: A day after the Battle of San Jacinto, forces under Texas General Sam Houston identified Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna among the captives of the battle when some of his fellow soldiers mistakenly give away his identity.

1864 – The U.S. Congress passed the Coinage Act of 1864 that permitted the inscription In God We Trust be placed on all coins minted as United States currency.

1876 – The first National League baseball game was played at the Jefferson Street Grounds in Philadelphia.

1889 – At noon, thousands rushed to claim land in the Land Rush of 1889. Within hours, the cities of Oklahoma City and Guthrie were formed with populations of at least 10,000.

1898 – Spanish–American War: The USS Nashville captured a Spanish merchant ship.

1915 – The use of poison gas in World War I escalated when chlorine gas was released as a chemical weapon in the Second Battle of Ypres.

1930 – The United Kingdom, Japan and the United States signed the London Naval Treaty which regulated submarine warfare and limited shipbuilding.

1944 – The 1st Air Commando Group using Sikorsky R-4 helicopters staged the first use of helicopters in combat with combat search and rescue operations in the China Burma India Theater.

1944 – World War II: Operation Persecution was initiated: Allied forces landed in the Hollandia (currently known as Jayapura) area of New Guinea.

1944 – World War II: In Greenland, the Allied Sledge Patrol attacked the German Bassgeiger weather station.

1945 – World War II: Prisoners at the Jasenovac concentration camp revolted. 520 were killed and around 80 escaped.

1945 – Battle of Berlin: Upon being informed that a planned counter-attack never happened, Adolf Hitler flew into a rage, denounced the German Army, and conceded that World War II was lost.

1954 – Red Scare: Witnesses began testifying and live television coverage of the Army–McCarthy hearings began.

1966 – The Troggs second single “Wild Thing” was released; It topped the charts in July.

1969 – British yachtsman Sir Robin Knox-Johnston won the Sunday Times Golden Globe Race and completed the first solo non-stop circumnavigation of the world.

1970 – The first Earth Day was celebrated.

1977 – Optical fiber was first used to carry live telephone traffic.

1979 – The Rolling Stones played two benefit concerts for the Canadian National Institute for the Blind, in Oshawa, Ontario; The performance was part of guitarist Keith Richards’ sentence for heroin conviction on heroin charges.

1981 – More than $3.3 million was stolen from the First National Bank of Arizona in Tucson in the then largest US bank robbery in history.

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